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1.
Govaresh. 2016; 21 (3): 193-198
in English | IMEMR | ID: emr-185877

ABSTRACT

Background: The behavioral and psychological problems associated with chronic constipation include a wide range of disorders, which lead to impaired quality of life. The purpose of the current study was to evaluate psychiatric disorders and quality of life in children and adolescents suffering from chronic functional constipation


Materials and Methods: In a case-control clinical trial, 55 children and adolescents with functional constipation and 55 individuals without constipation were included into case and control groups, respectively. After taking medical history and physical examination, three questionnaires including demographic information, pediatric quality of life [PedsQL] questionnaire, and strengths and difficulties questionnaire [SDQ] were provided to parents, children, and adolescents. Collected data were coded and analyzed using SPSS software


Results: The mean child self-reported and parent-reported scores of PedsQL were 54.67+/-3.9 and 49.86+/-3.2 in the case group, while it was 63.26+/-4 and 66.09+/-3.4 in the controls. Only parent-reported quality of life score was statistically different among case and control participants [p =0.014]


The emotional performance of quality of life was statistically different based on both self and parents' reports [p=Q.Ol6 and 0.024, respectively]


Total SDQ score was in abnormal levels in 93% and 83% of the case and control participants, which was insignificant [p =0.631]


There was no statistically difference in SDQ subgroups between the two groups


Conclusion: Quality of life and emotional performance are impaired in children with functional constipation and they should be screened for consequent disorders. Treatment and management of these patients can be improved through evaluating constipation related indices, quality of life, and referring at risk patients to related specialists

2.
Govaresh. 2012; 17 (3): 189-193
in English | IMEMR | ID: emr-149138

ABSTRACT

Hepatopulmonary syndrome [HPS] refers to arterial hypoxemia caused by pulmonary vasodilation, which is a consequence of portal hypertension. HPS is associated with increased morbidity and mortality; thus, it is important to diagnose this entity as soon as possible for treatment to be administered. In a cross-sectional study, 40 children [6 months to 14 years old] with chronic liver disease were enrolled. In all patients, measurements of Oxygen saturation [SaO[2]] were performed with a pulse oximeter in the supine position [SPO[2]] and then in the upright position [delta SPO[2]]. Children were divided into three groups: i] those with both SPO[2]>96% and deltaSPO[2]>4%; ii] children with either SPO[2]>96% or delta SPO[2] > 4%; and iii] those with neither of these signs. Then, contrast-enhanced echocardiography [CEE] and arterial blood gas [ABG] were performed. Finally, the prevalence of mild to moderate HPS was calculated in the three groups. There were 30 patients who had neither of the two signs, of which 9 had HPS. Ten patients had one of the two signs, in whom 4 had HPS. None of the patients had both signs. The sensitivity of the pulse oximetry was 30%, specificity was 77%, positive predictive value was 38% and negative predictive value was 70%.There is a significant prevalence of HPS in cirrhotic patients which effects prognosis. Based on our study results, we have determined that pulse oximetry could not be a reliable screening procedure in mild to moderate HPS. It is recommended to use gold standard tests [echocardiography and arterial blood gasometry] for the screening and diagnosis of HPS in children.

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